A hyperplastic polyp is a benign (non-cancerous) growth that occurs in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract—most commonly in the rectum and distal colon.
These polyps typically develop in individuals over the age of 40, and their prevalence increases with age. People may have multiple polyps, but they usually cause no obvious symptoms. Occasionally, they may be associated with mild issues such as diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, or rectal bleeding.
Hyperplastic polyps are generally thought to result from chronic inflammation in the GI tract, which triggers reactive overgrowth (hyperplasia) of the surface epithelial cells in the mucosa.
Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis is made through endoscopic examination (e.g., colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy), which allows doctors to visualize the location, size, and extent of the polyps.
- If detected, polyps are often removed during the procedure—a minor, routine intervention.
- The removed tissue is sent for pathological analysis to confirm the diagnosis and rule out any precancerous changes.
- Fortunately, hyperplastic polyps have a very low risk of becoming cancerous.
- A follow-up endoscopy is typically recommended one year after removal to monitor for recurrence or new growths.
Lifestyle and Dietary Recommendations
Patients can maintain a normal, balanced diet that includes:
- Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and other everyday healthy foods.
However, it’s important to avoid:
- Spicy, acidic, or heavily seasoned foods (e.g., hotpot, Sichuan-style spicy noodles, sour-spicy vermicelli).
- Alcohol and tobacco—both can irritate the GI lining.
- Excessive caffeine: limit coffee, strong tea, and sugary drinks.
✅ Stay well-hydrated—drinking plenty of water supports healthy circulation and digestive function.
Note: While hyperplastic polyps are generally harmless, regular screening and a gut-friendly lifestyle remain key to long-term digestive health.